Micronutrient malnutrition, or hidden hunger, affects millions of people worldwide every year. Without the essential nutrients needed for growth and development, children are more susceptible to infection, are slower to develop and can be left blind or stunted.

The two most common approaches to combating micronutrient malnutrition are supplementation and fortification. Unlike the continual costs required for these two programs, a one-time investment in developing biofortified crops can result in new micronutrient-rich varieties that farmers can grow for years to come.

Recent research, supported by HarvestPlus, looked at the ex ante cost-effectiveness of a variety of staple crops biofortified with provitamin A, iron and zinc in 12 countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America. The research used the Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) framework, which allows for estimates of the years of life lost due to temporary illness, permanent health conditions and premature death. For this study, DALYs were measured for illness and death resulting from micronutrient deficiencies.

The study found that biofortification could be “highly effective” in averting DALYs due to micronutrient deficiencies, especially in Asia and Africa. These findings highlight the importance of food-based innovations in improving public health.

This study was recently published in World Development. Please see HarvestPlus Research Abstract 10 for a summary. And check out our learn more section for further information on how biofortification can reduce micronutrient malnutrition.